LESSON 9

E-MAIL

I. Consider the following questions in the group of four. A spokesperson will report on your discussion to the whole group.

1. Have you ever heard about e-mail?

2. Can e-mail messages be sent without a computer?

3. What kind of possibilities does e-mail offer to people in the world?

4. In what fields of man’s activities can e-mail be used?

5. What is the difference between the Internet Explorer and an e-mail program?

II. Read the text below and check its comprehension.

E-Mail

E-mail, in computer science, is an abbreviation of the term electronic mail, method of transmitting data or text files from one computer to another over an internet, intranet, or the Internet. E-mail enables computer users to send messages and data quickly through a local area network or beyond through a nationwide or worldwide communication network. E-mail came into widespread use in the 1990s and has become a major development in business and personal communications.

E-mail users create and send messages from individual computers using commercial e-mail programs or mail-user agents (MUAs). Most of these programs have a text editor for composing messages. The user sends a message to one or more recipients by specifying destination addresses. When a user sends an e-mail message to several recipients at once, it is sometimes called broadcasting.

The address of an e-mail message includes the source and destination of the message. Different addressing conventions are used depending upon the e-mail destination. An interoffice message distributed over an intranet, or inter-nal computer network, may have a simple scheme, such as the employee’s name, for the e-mail address. E-mail messages sent outside of an intranet are addressed according to the following convention: The first part of the address contains the user’s name, followed by the symbol @, the domain name, the institution’s or organization’s name, and finally the country name.

A typical e-mail address might be sally@abc.com. In this example sally is the user’s name, abc is the domain name the specific company, organiza-tion, or institution that the e-mail message is sent to or from, and the suffix com indicates the type of organization that abc belongs to com for com-mercial, org for organization, edu for educational, mil for military, and gov for governmental. An e-mail message that originates outside the United States or is sent from the United States to other countries has a supplementary suffix that indicates the country of origin or destination. Examples include uk for the United Kingdom, fr for France, and au for Australia.

E-mail data travels from the sender’s computer to a network tool called a message transfer agent (MTA) that, depending on the address, either delivers the message within that network of computers or sends it to another MTA for distribution over the Internet. The data file is eventually delivered to the private mailbox of the recipient, who retrieves and reads it using an e-mail program or MUA. The recipient may delete the message, store it, reply to it, or forward it to others.

Modems are important devices that have allowed for the use of e-mail beyond local area networks. Modems convert a computer’s binary language into an analog signal and transmit the signal over ordinary telephone lines. Modems may be used to send e-mail messages to any destination in the world that has modems and computers able to receive messages.

E-mail messages display technical information called headers and footers above and below the main message body. In part, headers and footers record the senders and recipient’s names and e-mail addresses, the times and dates of message transmission and receipt, and the subject of the message.

In addition to the plain text contained in the body of regular e-mail messa-ges, an increasing number of e-mail programs allow the user to send sepa-rate files attached to e-mail transmissions. This allows the user to append large text- or graphics-based files to e-mail messages.

E-mail has had a great impact on the amount of information sent world-wide. It has become an important method of transmitting information previo-usly relayed via regular mail, telephone, courier, fax, television, and radio. In 1995 alone, e-mail users sent approximately 25 billion messages.

Comprehension Check Up

1. How big is the e-mail service area? 2. How can a person send messages from one computer to another? 3. When did e-mail come into widespread use? 4. What can you say about commercial e-mail programs? 5. Is there a special form for any e-mail address? 6. What is it a modem? 7. What is the role of headers and footers? 8. How many e-mail messages were sent in 1995?

III. Choose the best answer.

1. The word e-mail refers to …

a) an everyday mail; b) an employee’s mail address; c) an electronic mail.

2. The best explanation of the expression to come into widespread use might be …

a) to gain success; b) to cover a wide field (to be scattered far and wide); c) to come into action.

3. The verb broadcast means …

a) to sail; b) to send out a message (by radio, TV. or Internet) c) to talk to smb.

4. The word destination means …

a) (place) a person (vehicle or message) is going to; b) destiny; c) a desk.

5. The verb to retrieve refers to …

a) to save smb. or smth.; b) to allow information to be brought back; c) to talk or write again about smth.

6. The word modem means …

a) a modern device; b) a device used for sending and receiving data over telephone lines; c) a model.

7. The best explanation of the domain name might be …

a) a field of knowledge; b) a structure containing groups of users; c) a server.

8. The verb to delete means …

a) to bring damages to; b) to leave out (a word); c) to decrease.

9. The word courier means …

a) a newspaper’s name; b) a person, who carries messages; c) a sportsman.

10. The verb to convert can be paraphrased as …

a) to pack; b) to transform; c) to decode.

11. The word convention means …

a) a custom way of doing things; b) International Telecommunication Congress; c) a place (or structure) where users can exchange their opinions (information).

12. The verb to append stands for …

a) to appoint to smth.; b) to add smth. to a formal paper or book; c) to call on smb.

13. The word Intranet means …

a) an interactive game; b) an internal computer network; c) a special program.

IV. Use the right verb from those given below.

to delete, to deliver, to manage, to mail, to transmit, to travel, to originate, to select, to distribute, to contain, to indicate, to post, to make it possible, to record.

1. Modems are communications devices that enable computers informa-tion over telephone lines. 2. An interoffice message … overan intranet. 3. To replace an existing file you should … the file from the File Name list. 4. MS-DOS displays “Are you sure?” if you try … all files in the working drive. 5. Any e-mail message … the user’s name, the symbol @, the domain name, the organization’s name and the country name. 6. If you want … an e-mail message outside your native country, you should … a supplementary suffix. 7. Mail is easy to send; it’s more difficult . 8. Athena is a free network “magazine”. 8. To subscribe … a request to Jim McCabe, McCABE @ MTUS5. 9. This is the first time this article … to “news answers”. 10. You can … the reference card by sending an “INFO RECORD” command. 11. E-mail … to send messages and data quickly through a worldwide communication network. 12. E-mail data from the sender’s computer to a message transfer agent. 13. Headers and footers … all necessary information about a message being sent. 14. As a rule date files … to the private mailbox.

V. Are the following statements True or False?

1. E-mail provides an efficient means of storing data for reference purposes. 2. The used modem sends a message to one or more recipients by specifying destination addresses. 3. Different addressing conventions are used depending upon the e-mail destination. 4. The principal difference between Intranet and Internet is that Internet enables users to send data.

VI. Read the addressing conventions given below. Imagine what kind of information these addresses are supposed to contain.

Model: rec. music classical @ psicom

Using this address you can get some information about famous composers and musicians, records and concerts.

1. comp. graphics animation – request @ think. com

2. nasa news @ space. mit. edu.

3. rec. music beatles @ psi. com.

4. comp. archives – request @ csl. com.

5. misc. consumers. house – request @ psi. com.

6. news sattelite – request @ edu. ru

7. misc. jobs. offered @ csl. com.

8. alt. radio scanners @ net. ru

9. alt gourmand @ psi. com

10. alt. internet. services @ net. Ru

VII. Divide the text into paragraphs.

VIII. Express the main idea of each paragraph in one sentence.

IX. Summarize the text and be ready to retell it.

X. Speak on pros and cons of e-mail.